The M1 Abrams, developed during the Cold War to counter Soviet tanks, is one of the most advanced Main Battle Tanks (MBTs). -Initially introduced with a 105mm gun, later variants like the M1A1 and M1A2 received upgrades including a 120mm smoothbore cannon and improved armor.

Western military equipment, particularly the U.S.-supplied M1 Abrams tanks, has been crucial to Ukraine's defense against Russian forces. However, the Abrams tanks have faced significant challenges on the battlefield.

The American-made M1 Abrams is considered one of the world’s premier tanks, yet has still proven vulnerable to Russian drones and explosives on the battlefield in Ukraine, which had sidelined the